By Ruth Krug
Bees, which are crucial to food security in the Great Lakes region, are declining in the northeastern United States and southern Canada, according to a recent study published by the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Bee pollination is necessary to produce crops in the region, including apples, blueberries, grapes and leafy greens. Bee pollination is responsible for $15 billion in increased crop value each year in the U.S., U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) data shows.
“Bees play a key role in the productivity of agriculture through the pollination of fruits and vegetables,” according to the Honey Bee Research Centre at the University of Guelph in Ontario. “Honey bees have a crucial role in pollinating many of our staple crops. Without effective pollination we would face higher food costs and potential shortages.”
Faculty and students at the university are investigating the effects of parasites and pesticides on the behavior and immune responses of honey bees.
And the USDA recently awarded Michigan State University a $6.9 million grant to develop sustainable pollination strategies for specialty crops in the U.S.
There are three main issues contributing to the bee decline, according to Sarah Scott, who works to improve forage conditions for honey bees on USDA lands: the varroa destructor, loss of natural bee pollination habitat and pesticides.
There was a huge loss of the honeybee population in 2005 caused by the varroa destructor, an external parasitic mite that attacks honey bees, but Scott, said, “It’s not just one specific issue, it’s an interplay among many different factors that are impacting bees survival. If we didn’t have bees, someone would have to walk around with a tiny cotton swab to pollinate crops.”
She’s a field technician and research assistant for the U.S. Geological Survey’s Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center.
Scott said she doesn’t think more bees are necessary to address the problem. Instead, she suggests more bio-diverse sources for bees to pollinate from, such as small potted flowers and wildflowers in home and community gardens.
Another reason for the lost of hives is referred to by researchers as colony collapse disorder (CCD) linked to pesticides. According to a study published by the Harvard School of Public Health, “Since 2006, there has been significant losses of honey bees from CCD. Recent findings, suggest that CCD is related specifically to neonicotinoids pesticides which may impair bees’ neurological functions.”
Recently the Ontario environmental commissioner, Gord Miller, said that bee-killing pesticides are a bigger threat to crops than the now-banned insecticide DDT.
Beekeeper Devin Joseph Wash of Trenton, Ontario, said the province recently issued permits to allow the use of pesticide-treated seeds near honey bee farms and conservation areas.
Wash doesn’t use pesticides. He said he fogs his hives with mineral oil foggers, doesn’t use chemical treatments and doesn’t take honey from his bees the first two years.
“I haven’t lost any hives yet, but I don’t pollinate and I think bee farmers who pollinate probably are at a higher risk to lose bees from genetically modified crops,” Wash said.
He also said that genetically modified seed treated with the widely used insecticide neonicotinoid is killing all sorts of pollinators,” including bees.
Peter Chorabik, who works at the Toronto Bee Rescue, an urban beekeeping and hive removal service, says the need for bees is closely linked to food security. As farms continue to expand their use of monoculture, the need will continue to be critical.
“The pesticides used on the cash crops are having a negative impact on bees. Neonicotinoid seed coatings are used on almost 100 percent of corn planted in Ontario, regardless of the need for pest control.”
Jessica Steller is a co-owner of Steller Apiaries in Jackson, Michigan. Steller’s practices are a natural alternative to the commercial chemical-based beekeeping industry, according to the company.
She and her husband are trying to help sustain the honey bee population. “After two years of 100 percent losses, we began to really research what it took to tend bees, not to keep a hive, and we discovered alternative beekeeping. Learning about the cycle and lifestyle of the bee has made me a much more in-tune beekeeper.”
As for Dan Zikursh, a beekeeper in Mentor, Ohio, he said the decreased bee population is because of bad beekeeping practices. He has had more than 20 hives without an incident of CDC.
“I don’t really believe in CDC, I believe people have gotten lazy and bad beekeeping practice has become a common wisdom,” he said.
However, Zikursh doesn’t blame pesticides as the main cause of CDC.
“Less honey per hive is more work if you want healthy bees. Sure, the best option is less pesticide to begin with but that means less produce for the farmer. There are trade-offs either way,” he said.
Bees do not pollinate nor even visit the very tiny and different (from other plants) grape flowers. Grapes are self pollinating and do not require any bugs for pollination at all. As for bee CDC, it is likely the parasite and a virus that are causing it. Of course like all of our recent problems the origin of the parasite is of Asian origin. It seem they want to make regulations on everybody for everything when they cannot actually solve the problem. Need to play more emphasis on destroying likely through genetic means all the invasive pests we are suffering. Even the water issues in the Great Lakes are due to primarily zebra mussel invasion. They eat beneficial algae and toxin producing ones fill the vacuum as nature abhors a vacuum. Its always a blame the farmers and control them attitude nowadays. They need to start looking at the real causes.
The capitalization only serves to convince us your comments are based on emotion, not facts. No one will listen to shouting emails.
NORAHG RESPONDS AGAINST INCOMPETENT BEE-KEEPERS WHO SEEK UNJUSTIFIABLE PROFIT
Bee-Keepers are NEGLIGENT and INCOMPETENT because of their MIS-MANAGEMENT PRACTICES. They have NOT PERFORMED DUE DILIGENCE to control VARROA MITES, NOSEMA FUNGUS, TOBACCO RINGSPOT VIRUS, and other PESTS THAT DAMAGE AND KILL BEES. They appear to be UNABLE OR UNWILLING TO PROPERLY CONTROL these pests. They would rather LAY FALSE BLAME against Neonicotinoid Insecticides. It is OBVIOUS that Bee Colony Collapse Disorder is THE FAULT OF BEE-KEEPERS and their MIS-MANAGEMENT PRACTICES. Bee-Keepers are responsible, and NOT Neonicotinoid Insecticides. It is also OBVIOUS that Bee-Keepers are merely SEEKING UNJUSTIFIABLE PROFIT, in a manner similar to the UNJUSTIFIABLE COMPENSATION they received from the Government of Ontario in 2014. There is NO EVIDENCE to suggest a link between Neonicotinoid Insecticides and Bee Colony Collapse Disorder. However, FALSE ALLEGATIONS by Bee-Keepers against Neonicotinoid Insecticides serve three purposes. 1. It is a PLOY to attract ENVIRO-PROFIT in the form of ILLEGITIMATE COMPENSATION FOR BEE LOSSES. ( In fact, Bee-Keepers are already insured for this eventuality. ) 2. It provides a DISTRACTION from the REAL PROBLEMS OF BEE-KEEPERS, such as BOTULISM, ILLEGAL USE OF PRODUCTS, and BEE RUSTLING. ( In fact, these issues DAMAGE THE CREDILITY of Bee-Keepers and their statements against Neonicotinoid Insecticides. ) 3. It serves as REVENGE AGAINST HEALTH CANADA for having released its report regarding the SCIENTIFIC LINK TO BOTULISM AND HONEY. Remember, Bee Colony Collapse Disorder is THE FAULT OF BEE-KEEPERS and their MIS-MANAGEMENT PRACTICES. If we had less conventional neonicotinoid use in the environment, WE WOULD STILL HAVE Bee Colony Collapse Disorder, because MANY BEE-KEEPERS ARE NOT COMPETENT TO MANAGE THEIR HIVES. They are merely GREEDY AND AVARICIOUS SOBs. NORAHG is the National Organization Responding Against HUJE that seek to destroy the Green space and other industries. WILLIAM H GATHERCOLE AND NORAH G Get the latest details at http://pesticidetruths.com/ http://pesticidetruths.com/toc/ http://wp.me/P1jq40-2rr https://www.facebook.com/norah.gfon